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<h1 id="初识Vuex"><a href="#初识Vuex" class="headerlink" title="初识Vuex"></a>初识Vuex</h1><h2 id="vuex的概念"><a href="#vuex的概念" class="headerlink" title="vuex的概念"></a>vuex的概念</h2><p>vuex是一个专为 Vue.js 应用程序开发的<strong>状态管理模式</strong>， 采用<strong>集中式存储</strong>管理应用的所有组件的状态，解决多组件数据通信。(简单来说就是管理数据的,相当于一个仓库,里面存放着各种需要共享的数据,所有组件都可以拿到里面的数据)</p>
<p>要点:</p>
<blockquote>
<ol>
<li><p>vue官方搭配,专属,有专门的调试工具</p>
</li>
<li><p>数据变化是可预测的(响应式)</p>
</li>
<li><p><strong>集中式</strong>管理数据状态方案</p>
</li>
</ol>
</blockquote>
<p><img src="https://p9-juejin.byteimg.com/tos-cn-i-k3u1fbpfcp/fa98f16ce41a4e04b3fc19982a3c307d~tplv-k3u1fbpfcp-zoom-in-crop-mark:4536:0:0:0.awebp" alt="vue11.png"></p>
<h2 id="Vuex的使用"><a href="#Vuex的使用" class="headerlink" title="Vuex的使用"></a>Vuex的使用</h2><h3 id="安装VueX"><a href="#安装VueX" class="headerlink" title="安装VueX"></a>安装VueX</h3><p>1.安装</p>
<figure class="highlight css"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">npm <span class="selector-tag">i</span> vuex</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p>2.实例化store</p>
<p>新建store文件夹,在该文件夹下建index.js文件</p>
<figure class="highlight javascript"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> <span class="title class_">Vue</span> <span class="keyword">from</span> <span class="string">&#x27;vue&#x27;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> <span class="title class_">Vuex</span> <span class="keyword">from</span> <span class="string">&#x27;vuex&#x27;</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="title class_">Vue</span>.<span class="title function_">use</span>(<span class="title class_">Vuex</span>)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">const</span> store = <span class="keyword">new</span> <span class="title class_">Vuex</span>.<span class="title class_">Store</span>(&#123;</span><br><span class="line">  <span class="attr">state</span>: &#123;</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="attr">count</span>: <span class="number">0</span></span><br><span class="line">  &#125;</span><br><span class="line">&#125;)</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">export</span> <span class="keyword">default</span> store</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p>3.在vue实例中,注入store</p>
<figure class="highlight javascript"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment">// 省略其他</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">// 1. 导入store</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> store <span class="keyword">from</span> <span class="string">&#x27;./store&#x27;</span> </span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">new</span> <span class="title class_">Vue</span>(&#123;</span><br><span class="line">  <span class="comment">// 省略其他...</span></span><br><span class="line">  store <span class="comment">// 2. 注入Vue实例</span></span><br><span class="line">&#125;)</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<h3 id="在组件中使用store"><a href="#在组件中使用store" class="headerlink" title="在组件中使用store"></a>在组件中使用store</h3><h4 id="方式一"><a href="#方式一" class="headerlink" title="方式一"></a>方式一</h4><p>在任意组件中，通过<code>this.$store.state.属性名</code> 来读取公共数据。</p>
<p>在模块中,则可以直接省略this而直接写成：<code>&#123;&#123;$store.state.属性名&#125;&#125;</code></p>
<p><img src="https://p3-juejin.byteimg.com/tos-cn-i-k3u1fbpfcp/b16969670e774a5dab490c03b9899984~tplv-k3u1fbpfcp-zoom-in-crop-mark:4536:0:0:0.awebp" alt="使用store.png"></p>
<h4 id="方式二"><a href="#方式二" class="headerlink" title="方式二"></a>方式二</h4><p>基于 Vuex 提供的 mapState 辅助函数，可以方便的把 Store 中指定的数据，映射为当前组件的计算属性</p>
<p><img src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/img_convert/ff2e11475f21cad24173c79fbeb0a6e6.png" alt="img"></p>
<p>map辅助函数：</p>
<figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">computed: &#123; </span><br><span class="line">  ...mapState([&#x27;xxx&#x27;]), </span><br><span class="line">  ...mapState(&#123;&#x27;新名字&#x27;: &#x27;xxx&#x27;&#125;)</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p>另一种映射方式：</p>
<figure class="highlight javascript"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="attr">computed</span>: &#123;</span><br><span class="line">     ...<span class="title function_">mapState</span>(&#123;</span><br><span class="line">          <span class="attr">wallet</span>: <span class="function"><span class="params">state</span> =&gt;</span> state.<span class="property">user</span>.<span class="property">wallets</span>[state.<span class="property">user</span>.<span class="property">selectedWallet</span>]</span><br><span class="line">     &#125;)</span><br><span class="line">&#125;,</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<h3 id="Vuex实现刷新保持数据"><a href="#Vuex实现刷新保持数据" class="headerlink" title="Vuex实现刷新保持数据"></a>Vuex实现刷新保持数据</h3><p>在app.vue里直接加上这段代码，加上之后怎么刷新数据都不会丢失了</p>
<figure class="highlight javascript"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="title function_">created</span>(<span class="params"></span>) &#123;</span><br><span class="line">     <span class="keyword">if</span> (sessionStorage.<span class="title function_">getItem</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;store&#x27;</span>)) &#123;</span><br><span class="line">          <span class="variable language_">this</span>.<span class="property">$store</span>.<span class="title function_">replaceState</span>(<span class="title class_">Object</span>.<span class="title function_">assign</span>(&#123;&#125;, <span class="variable language_">this</span>.<span class="property">$store</span>.<span class="property">state</span>, <span class="title class_">JSON</span>.<span class="title function_">parse</span>(sessionStorage.<span class="title function_">getItem</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;store&#x27;</span>))));</span><br><span class="line">     &#125;</span><br><span class="line">     <span class="variable language_">window</span>.<span class="title function_">addEventListener</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;beforeunload&#x27;</span>, <span class="function">() =&gt;</span> &#123;</span><br><span class="line">          sessionStorage.<span class="title function_">setItem</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;store&#x27;</span>, <span class="title class_">JSON</span>.<span class="title function_">stringify</span>(<span class="variable language_">this</span>.<span class="property">$store</span>.<span class="property">state</span>));</span><br><span class="line">     &#125;);</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<h3 id="Vue中监控Vuex数据变化"><a href="#Vue中监控Vuex数据变化" class="headerlink" title="Vue中监控Vuex数据变化"></a>Vue中监控Vuex数据变化</h3><p><strong>场景如下图所示</strong></p>
<p>切换主页面中的组织（即：改变组织id orgid),需要刷新组件中的列表</p>
<p><img src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20190729142156202.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM3ODk5Nzky,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70" alt="img"></p>
<h4 id="第一种"><a href="#第一种" class="headerlink" title="第一种"></a>第一种</h4><p><strong>通过改变router-view中的key来达到刷新组件的目的（野路子，推荐第三种）</strong></p>
<p>当改变state中的值时，改变router-view中的key,这个key为<a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://so.csdn.net/so/search?q=%E6%97%B6%E9%97%B4%E6%88%B3&spm=1001.2101.3001.7020">时间戳</a></p>
<figure class="highlight html"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br><span class="line">33</span><br><span class="line">34</span><br><span class="line">35</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">router-view</span>  <span class="attr">:key</span>=<span class="string">&quot;timeValue&quot;</span>/&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">script</span>&gt;</span><span class="language-javascript"></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="language-javascript"> </span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="language-javascript">  <span class="keyword">export</span> <span class="keyword">default</span> &#123;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="language-javascript">    <span class="attr">name</span>: <span class="string">&#x27;mainMenu&#x27;</span>,</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="language-javascript">    <span class="title function_">data</span>(<span class="params"></span>) &#123;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="language-javascript">      <span class="keyword">return</span> &#123;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="language-javascript">        <span class="attr">orgid</span>:<span class="string">&#x27;&#x27;</span>,</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="language-javascript">        <span class="attr">timeValue</span>:<span class="string">&#x27;&#x27;</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="language-javascript">      &#125;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="language-javascript">    &#125;,</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="language-javascript">    <span class="attr">computed</span>: &#123;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="language-javascript">     </span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="language-javascript">    &#125;,</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="language-javascript">    <span class="attr">components</span>: &#123;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="language-javascript">      </span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="language-javascript">    &#125;,</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="language-javascript">    <span class="title function_">created</span>(<span class="params"></span>) &#123;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="language-javascript">    </span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="language-javascript">    &#125;,</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="language-javascript">    <span class="title function_">mounted</span>(<span class="params"></span>) &#123;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="language-javascript">      </span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="language-javascript">    &#125;,</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="language-javascript">    <span class="attr">methods</span>: &#123;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="language-javascript">      <span class="title function_">changeOr</span>(<span class="params"></span>)&#123;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="language-javascript">        <span class="variable language_">this</span>.<span class="property">orgid</span> = <span class="string">&quot;23&quot;</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="language-javascript">        <span class="variable language_">this</span>.<span class="property">$store</span>.<span class="title function_">commit</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;ogrid&#x27;</span>,<span class="variable language_">this</span>.<span class="property">orgid</span>);</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="language-javascript">        <span class="keyword">var</span> timeNow = <span class="keyword">new</span> <span class="title class_">Date</span>().<span class="title function_">getTime</span>();</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="language-javascript">        <span class="variable language_">this</span>.<span class="property">timeValue</span> = timeNow </span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="language-javascript">       </span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="language-javascript">      &#125;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="language-javascript">    &#125;,</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="language-javascript"> </span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="language-javascript">  &#125;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="language-javascript"></span><span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">script</span>&gt;</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>



<h4 id="第二种"><a href="#第二种" class="headerlink" title="第二种"></a>第二种</h4><p><strong>用watch(两种方法不可共存，用第一种时，watch失效)</strong></p>
<p>在子组件中，用watch监听</p>
<figure class="highlight html"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br><span class="line">33</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">script</span>&gt;</span><span class="language-javascript"></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="language-javascript"> </span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="language-javascript">  <span class="keyword">export</span> <span class="keyword">default</span> &#123;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="language-javascript">    <span class="attr">name</span>: <span class="string">&#x27;sub&#x27;</span>,</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="language-javascript">    <span class="title function_">data</span>(<span class="params"></span>) &#123;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="language-javascript">      <span class="keyword">return</span> &#123;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="language-javascript">       </span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="language-javascript">      &#125;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="language-javascript">    &#125;,</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="language-javascript">    <span class="attr">computed</span>: &#123;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="language-javascript">     </span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="language-javascript">    &#125;,</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="language-javascript">    <span class="attr">watch</span>:&#123;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="language-javascript">      <span class="string">&#x27;$store.state.orgid&#x27;</span>()&#123;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="language-javascript">        <span class="title function_">alert</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;改变&#x27;</span>)</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="language-javascript">        <span class="variable language_">this</span>.<span class="title function_">initTable</span>()</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="language-javascript">      &#125;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="language-javascript">    &#125;,</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="language-javascript">    <span class="attr">components</span>: &#123;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="language-javascript">      </span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="language-javascript">    &#125;,</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="language-javascript">    <span class="title function_">created</span>(<span class="params"></span>) &#123;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="language-javascript">    </span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="language-javascript">    &#125;,</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="language-javascript">    <span class="title function_">mounted</span>(<span class="params"></span>) &#123;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="language-javascript">      </span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="language-javascript">    &#125;,</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="language-javascript">    <span class="attr">methods</span>: &#123;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="language-javascript">      <span class="title function_">initTable</span>(<span class="params"></span>)&#123;&#125;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="language-javascript">    &#125;,</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="language-javascript"> </span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="language-javascript">  &#125;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="language-javascript"></span><span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">script</span>&gt;</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<h4 id="第三种"><a href="#第三种" class="headerlink" title="第三种"></a><strong>第三种</strong></h4><p>vue全局更新以及孙组件调用祖组件（利用provide和inject）</p>
<p>参考文章</p>
<p><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://blog.csdn.net/qq_37899792/article/details/100710967">vue全局更新以及孙组件调用祖组件（利用provide和inject）_有蝉的博客-CSDN博客_vue孙组件调用祖组件方法</a></p>
<h1 id="Vuex实战"><a href="#Vuex实战" class="headerlink" title="Vuex实战"></a>Vuex实战</h1></article><div class="post-copyright"><div class="post-copyright__author"><span class="post-copyright-meta">文章作者: </span><span class="post-copyright-info"><a href="http://cjx_0723.gitee.io">Ther</a></span></div><div class="post-copyright__type"><span class="post-copyright-meta">文章链接: </span><span class="post-copyright-info"><a href="http://cjx_0723.gitee.io/2023/04/23/%E5%89%8D%E7%AB%AF%E5%BC%80%E5%8F%91/Vuex/">http://cjx_0723.gitee.io/2023/04/23/%E5%89%8D%E7%AB%AF%E5%BC%80%E5%8F%91/Vuex/</a></span></div><div class="post-copyright__notice"><span class="post-copyright-meta">版权声明: </span><span class="post-copyright-info">本博客所有文章除特别声明外，均采用 <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/" target="_blank">CC BY-NC-SA 4.0</a> 许可协议。转载请注明来自 <a href="http://cjx_0723.gitee.io" target="_blank">Ther的小站</a>！</span></div></div><div class="tag_share"><div class="post-meta__tag-list"><a 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class="card-widget" id="card-toc"><div class="item-headline"><i class="fas fa-stream"></i><span>目录</span><span class="toc-percentage"></span></div><div class="toc-content"><ol class="toc"><li class="toc-item toc-level-1"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E5%88%9D%E8%AF%86Vuex"><span class="toc-text">初识Vuex</span></a><ol class="toc-child"><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#vuex%E7%9A%84%E6%A6%82%E5%BF%B5"><span class="toc-text">vuex的概念</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#Vuex%E7%9A%84%E4%BD%BF%E7%94%A8"><span class="toc-text">Vuex的使用</span></a><ol class="toc-child"><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E5%AE%89%E8%A3%85VueX"><span class="toc-text">安装VueX</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E5%9C%A8%E7%BB%84%E4%BB%B6%E4%B8%AD%E4%BD%BF%E7%94%A8store"><span class="toc-text">在组件中使用store</span></a><ol class="toc-child"><li class="toc-item toc-level-4"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E6%96%B9%E5%BC%8F%E4%B8%80"><span class="toc-text">方式一</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-4"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E6%96%B9%E5%BC%8F%E4%BA%8C"><span class="toc-text">方式二</span></a></li></ol></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#Vuex%E5%AE%9E%E7%8E%B0%E5%88%B7%E6%96%B0%E4%BF%9D%E6%8C%81%E6%95%B0%E6%8D%AE"><span class="toc-text">Vuex实现刷新保持数据</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#Vue%E4%B8%AD%E7%9B%91%E6%8E%A7Vuex%E6%95%B0%E6%8D%AE%E5%8F%98%E5%8C%96"><span class="toc-text">Vue中监控Vuex数据变化</span></a><ol class="toc-child"><li class="toc-item toc-level-4"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%80%E7%A7%8D"><span class="toc-text">第一种</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-4"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%8C%E7%A7%8D"><span class="toc-text">第二种</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-4"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%89%E7%A7%8D"><span class="toc-text">第三种</span></a></li></ol></li></ol></li></ol></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-1"><a class="toc-link" href="#Vuex%E5%AE%9E%E6%88%98"><span class="toc-text">Vuex实战</span></a></li></ol></div></div><div class="card-widget card-recent-post"><div class="item-headline"><i class="fas fa-history"></i><span>最新文章</span></div><div class="aside-list"><div class="aside-list-item"><a class="thumbnail" href="/2023/09/06/%E7%94%9F%E6%B4%BB/%E5%AD%A6%E6%A0%A1/%E7%A0%94%E4%B8%80%E9%80%89%E8%AF%BE/" title="研一选课"><img src="https://w.wallhaven.cc/full/4g/wallhaven-4gwl6q.jpg" onerror="this.onerror=null;this.src='/img/404.jpg'" alt="研一选课"/></a><div class="content"><a class="title" href="/2023/09/06/%E7%94%9F%E6%B4%BB/%E5%AD%A6%E6%A0%A1/%E7%A0%94%E4%B8%80%E9%80%89%E8%AF%BE/" title="研一选课">研一选课</a><time datetime="2023-09-06T07:55:08.667Z" title="发表于 2023-09-06 15:55:08">2023-09-06</time></div></div><div class="aside-list-item no-cover"><div class="content"><a class="title" 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